Its population increased from , in to 1,, in , as the city grew to the north and west, while the poorest neighborhoods in the center became even more crowded. A cholera outbreak in killed 20, people. Claude-Philibert de Rambuteau , prefect of the Seine for fifteen years under Louis-Philippe, made tentative efforts to improve the center of the city: he paved the quays of the Seine with stone paths and planted trees along the river. He built a new street now the Rue Rambuteau to connect the Marais district with the markets and began construction of Les Halles , the famous central food market of Paris, finished by Napoleon III.
Louis-Philippe lived in his old family residence, the Palais-Royal , until , before moving to the Tuileries Palace. His chief contribution to the monuments of Paris was the completion in of the Place de la Concorde , which was further embellished on 25 October by the placement of the Luxor Obelisk.
The ashes of Napoleon were returned to Paris from Saint Helena in a solemn ceremony on 15 December , and Louis-Philippe built an impressive tomb for them at the Invalides.
In , he completed a column in the Place de la Bastille dedicated to the July revolution which had brought him to power. Each belonged to a different company, and they were not connected to each other; all were located outside the city center. As the population of Paris grew, so did discontent in the working-class neighborhoods. There were riots in , , , , , and The growing unrest finally exploded on 23 February , when a large demonstration was broken up by the army.
Barricades went up in the eastern working-class neighborhoods. The king reviewed his soldiers in front of the Tuileries Palace, but instead of cheering him, many shouted "Long Live Reform! The population of Paris grew rapidly during the reign of Louis-Philippe, from , recorded in the census, to , in , and , in By , it had grown to 1,, Between and , it grew by A smaller number came from Brittany and Provence , and they had greater difficulties assimilating, since few of them spoke French.
