Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Correspondence: yash. The deployment of battery-powered electric vehicles in the market has created a naturally increasing need for the safe deactivation and recycling of batteries. Various deactivating methods for lithium-ion cells include electrical discharging or deactivation with liquids.
Such methods are also useful for cases where the cell tabs are not accessible. In the literature analyses, different deactivation media are used, but none include the use of calcium chloride CaCl 2 salt. As compared to other media, the major advantage of this salt is that it can capture the highly reactive and hazardous molecules of Hydrofluoric acid.
To analyse the actual performance of this salt in terms of practicability and safety, this experimental research aims to compare it against regular Tap Water and Demineralized Water. This will be accomplished by performing nail penetration tests on deactivated cells and comparing their residual energy against each other.
Moreover, these three different media and respective cells are analysed after deactivation, i. It was found that the cells deactivated in the CaCl 2 solution did not show any signs of Fluoride ions, whereas cells deactivated in TW showed the emergence of Fluoride ions in the 10th week of the insertion. Keywords: lithium-ion cells; cell deactivation; 18, lithium-ion cells; cell deactivation in tap water; cell deactivation in demineralized water; cell deactivation in CaCl 2 solution.
Lithium-ion Li-ion cells are part of the modern technical and industrial world. They are widely used to store electrical energy for various mobile and stationary applications. The increase in demand has led to a rise in the production of Li-ion cells, their second use, and recycling. This recycling step after the second life helps to obtain a sustainable battery life cycle. Over-discharging a Lithium-ion battery LIB is usually necessary before initiating the actual recycling process.
