Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4. Some clinical data show that lifestyle interventions may contribute to male reproductive health. Cessation of unhealthy habits is suggested for preserving male fertility; there is growing evidence that most preexisting comorbidities, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome, are highly likely to have an impact on male fertility.
The analysis of genetic polymorphisms implicated in metabolic activity represents one of the most exciting areas in the study of genetic causes of male infertility. Although these polymorphisms are not directly connected with male infertility, they may have a role in specific conditions associated with it, that is, metabolic disorders and oxidative stress pathway genes that are potentially associated with an increased risk of male infertility due to DNA and cell membrane damage.
Some studies have examined the impact of individual genetic differences and gene-diet interactions on male infertility, but their results have not been synthesized. Keywords: energy metabolism, genetic polymorphisms, idiopathic male infertility, lifestyle factors, nutrition, oxidative stress, semen quality.
In recent years, several studies have provided evidence that semen quality in humans is decreasing, which may lead to a significant decline in male fertility. Personal genetic testing can provide information that may be used to recommend dietary choices that are more effective at the individual level than the current dietary advice. A recent systematic review found that individuals are more likely to change health behaviors, including their dietary choices, when their genetic information include actionable advice.
To preserve male fertility, the whole person should be considered, from hormonal balance, nutritional requirements, and optimal gut microbiome to exposure to environmental toxins. The prevalence of male obesity in reproductive age has nearly tripled in the last 30 years. Although some data are currently available on dietary modulation of lipid metabolism, little is known about the nutritional regulation of energy metabolism in sperm.
